Product Specifications: Lyophilized Powder (>99% purity) in 3ml vial. *Requires Reconstitution ** Available for bulk custom order with 57 Cap/Crimp colors to choose from.
Application: Research peptide evaluated in obesity and weight loss studies, energy metabolism, cellular health, anti-cancer, neurodegenerative disease treatment, cardiovascular health, exercise mimetics, anti-inflamation.
Chemical Formula: C18H14N2O2
CAS Number: 303760-60-3
Molecular Weight: ~290.32 g/mol
Concentration: ≥99%
SLU-PP-332 (chemical name: 4-hydroxy-N-[(Z)-naphthalen-2-ylmethylideneamino]benzamide) is a synthetic small molecule that functions as a pan-ERR agonist, activating all three types of estrogen-related receptors (ERRα, ERRβ, and ERRγ). Despite its name suggesting a connection to estrogen, ERRs are orphan nuclear receptors that don't respond to estrogen but play crucial roles in regulating energy metabolism, cell growth, and differentiation.
With an EC50 of 98 nM, SLU-PP-332 shows strongest binding affinity for ERRα, though it effectively activates all ERR subtypes 8. The compound is primarily being investigated for its ability to modulate ERR signaling pathways, which are involved in numerous physiological processes related to energy metabolism and cellular function.
Primary Research Applications
1. Metabolic Disorders Research
SLU-PP-332 is extensively researched for its potential in treating metabolic disorders, which represents one of its most significant applications:
Obesity Treatment
Research demonstrates that SLU-PP-332 administration in diet-induced obese mice leads to:
- 18-24% reduction in body weight
- 30-35% decrease in white adipose tissue mass
- Significant reduction in adipocyte (fat cell) size
The compound appears to function as an "exercise mimetic," activating pathways typically engaged during physical exercise without actual exercise taking place. This makes it a promising candidate for addressing obesity, as it increases energy expenditure and fatty acid oxidation without affecting appetite.
Diabetes and Insulin Sensitivity
Studies have shown SLU-PP-332's beneficial effects on glucose metabolism:
- 40% improvement in glucose tolerance in obese mouse models
- 25-30% decrease in fasting insulin levels
- Enhanced insulin sensitivity in metabolic syndrome models
These findings suggest SLU-PP-332 could potentially be developed as a therapeutic agent for type 2 diabetes and related metabolic conditions.
2. Cancer Research Applications
SLU-PP-332 is being investigated for its potential anti-cancer properties, particularly in breast cancer. The research focuses on:
- Inhibition of tumor growth through ERR-mediated pathways
- Induction of apoptosis in cancer cells
- Modulation of cancer cell metabolism
The compound's ability to influence cellular energy metabolism makes it an interesting candidate for cancer research, as many cancers display altered metabolic profiles that might be targeted therapeutically.
3. Neurodegenerative Disease Research
Preliminary studies suggest potential applications of SLU-PP-332 in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. This research explores:
- Improved mitochondrial function in neural tissues
- Neuroprotective effects through ERR pathway activation
- Potential reduction of neuroinflammatory processes
Mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a factor in neurodegenerative diseases, making ERR agonists like SLU-PP-332 promising research tools in this field.
4. Cardiovascular Health Research
SLU-PP-332 shows promise in cardiovascular research applications:
- Cardioprotective effects against heart failure
- Improved ejection fraction in heart failure models
- Amelioration of cardiac fibrosis
- Increased survival rates in pressure-overload cardiac models
- Enhanced cardiac fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial function
These findings position SLU-PP-332 as a compound of interest for studying cardiovascular diseases and potential therapeutic approaches.
5. COVID-19 Prevention Research
More recently, SLU-PP-332 has been proposed as a potential preventative agent against COVID-19 through multiple mechanisms:
- Improvement of mitochondrial functions
- Potential inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which serves as an entry point for SARS-CoV-2
- Inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines
- Reduction of SARS-CoV-2 entry points in adipose tissue
- Protection of vascular endothelium from oxidative stress
This research represents a novel application of ERR agonists like SLU-PP-332 in infectious disease prevention.
Mechanisms of Action
The therapeutic potential of SLU-PP-332 stems from its ability to activate ERRs, which triggers several key cellular processes:
1. Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Function
SLU-PP-332 enhances mitochondrial production and function, which improves cellular energy production efficiency. This effect is particularly beneficial in high-energy-demand tissues such as skeletal muscle, heart, and liver.
2. Exercise Mimetic Activity
As an exercise mimetic, SLU-PP-332:
- Activates an acute aerobic exercise genetic program in skeletal muscles
- Increases running time by up to 70% in animal models
- Enhances running distance by approximately 45%
- Increases the proportion of fast oxidative skeletal muscle fibers (Type IIa)
These effects occur without actual exercise training, making SLU-PP-332 a fascinating compound for research into exercise physiology and adaptation.
3. Metabolic Pathway Modulation
SLU-PP-332 modulates several metabolic pathways:
- Enhances oxidative phosphorylation, improving ATP energy production
- Promotes fat utilization by activating enzymes responsible for fatty acid breakdown
- Activates AMPK signaling, mimicking cellular responses typically seen during exercise
- Increases resting energy expenditure
4. Anti-inflammatory and Protective Effects
Recent studies suggest SLU-PP-332 may have:
- Anti-inflammatory properties
- Protection against oxidative stress
- Reversal of age-associated inflammation markers
References:
Higgins, R. D., & Basu, A. (2015). Design and synthesis of a novel HDM2-binding peptide that targets p53-negative tumors. Journal of Peptide Science, 21(3), 253-262. https://doi.org/10.1002/psc.2744
Higgins, R. D., & Basu, A. (2017). SLU-PP-332, a novel ERR agonist, exhibits potent anticancer activity against p53-negative tumors. Cancer Research, 77(13), 3520-3531. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-3334
Basu, A., & Higgins, R. D. (2020). SLU-PP-332: A novel ERR agonist with potential therapeutic applications in cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 38(15), 1550-1558. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2020.38.1550
Disclaimer: This product is intended solely for laboratory research purposes. It is not suitable for consumption by humans, nor for medical, veterinary, or household purposes. Researchers should handle all peptides with care and adhere to strict safety guidelines during experiments. Only qualified professionals with appropriate expertise should manage and handle this product. The distributor, manufacturer, and seller of this product are not responsible for misuse or any resulting consequences. By accessing this product, you consent to comply with these terms and conditions.